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NEW QUESTION # 50
You are testing an e-commerce system The system accepts four different types of Credit Cards; each card has its own rules for valid and invalid numbers. The following is a portion of the Decision Table for Order Management.:
The combination of the conditions Valid Card Number (NO) + Purchase Approved (YES) is not feasible.
You wish to perform a test which completely covers all the combinations of equivalence partitioning tor the different types of credit card, according to the rules shown in the above Decision Table How many test cases do you need?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The combination of the conditions Valid Card Number (NO) + Purchase Approved (YES) is not feasible, as a purchase cannot be approved with an invalid card number. Therefore, this combination can be ignored in the equivalence partitioning for the different types of credit card. Each type of credit card has two valid equivalence partitions: Valid Card Number (YES) + Purchase Approved (YES) and Valid Card Number (YES) + Purchase Approved (NO). Each type of credit card also has one invalid equivalence partition: Valid Card Number (NO) + Purchase Approved (NO). Therefore, to cover all the combinations of equivalence partitions for the four types of credit card, we need 4 x (2 + 1) = 12 test cases.
A, B, and D are incorrect answers. A implies that there are two equivalence partitions for each type of credit card, which is not true as there are three. B implies that there is only one equivalence partition for each type of credit card, which is not true as there are two valid ones and one invalid one. D implies that there are four equivalence partitions for each type of credit card, which is not true as there are only three.
NEW QUESTION # 51
A system calculates the amount of customs duty to be paid:
_ No duty is paid on goods value up to, and including, $2,000.
_ The next $8,000 is taxed at 10%.
_ The next $20,000 after that is taxed at 12%.
_ Any further amount after that is taxed at 17%.
To the nearest $, which of these groups of numbers fall into three DIFFERENT equivalence classes?
- A. $2,000 $8,000 $20,000
- B. $20,000 $20,001 $30,001
- C. $1,500 $2,000 $10,000
- D. $2,000 $2,001 $10,000
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 52
Refer to the exhibit
Given the following State Transition diagram, match the test cases below with the relevant set of state transitions.
(i)X-Z-V-W
(ii)W-Y-U-U
- A. (i) = S1 - S2 - S3 - S4 - S4 and (ii) = S2 -S4 - S4 - S4 - S2
- B. (i) = S2 - S3 - S4 - S2 - S2 and (ii) = S4 - S2 - S4 - S4 - S4
- C. (i) = S1 - S2 - S3 - S4 - S2 and (ii) = S4 - S2 - S4 - S4 - S4
- D. (i) = S2 - S3 - S4 - S4 - S2 and (ii) = S2 -S3 - S4 -S4 - S4
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which test level is concerned with testing the smallest bodies of software?
- A. Feature test
- B. Subsystem test
- C. Functional test
- D. Component test
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Component testing is concerned with testing the smallest bodies of software, such as functions, classes, procedures, or modules. Component testing is also known as unit testing or module testing. Feature testing is a type of functional testing that focuses on verifying a specific feature or functionality of a system. Functional testing is a type of black-box testing that verifies that the system meets its functional requirements and specifications. Subsystem testing is a type of integration testing that verifies that a group of components work together as expected. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Section 2.2
NEW QUESTION # 54
The following program part is given:
IF (condition A)
then DO B
END IF
How many test cases are necessary in order to achieve 100% statement coverage?
- A. 2 [>
- B. a very high number
- C. 0
- D. 1
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 55
Typically, exit criteria may consist of:
- A. Estimates of defect density or reliability measures.
- B. Defining the amount, level of detail structure, and templates for the test documentation.
- C. Discussions on disaster recovery.
- D. Adequacy of the test approaches taken.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 56
Your company is developing a system with complex business rules and many branches in the structure of its code components. You need to choose one black box technique and one white box technique for test case design.
Which one of the following offers the BEST choice?
- A. Decision testing and decision table testing
- B. Boundary value analysis and decision table testing
- C. Statement testing and exploratory testing
- D. Decision testing and equivalence partitioning
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 57
A holiday club restricts those booking the holiday, to people between the ages of 18 and 30 inclusive.
Using three-point boundary values, what ages would be required to test the lower and upper boundary?
- A. 16, 17, 18, 30, 31, 32.
- B. 18, 19, 20, 28, 29, 30.
- C. 17, 18, 19, 29, 30, 31.
- D. 17, 18, 19, 30, 31, 32.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 58
Which of the following statements are "testing general principles'"?
I. Exhaustive testing is impossible
II. The defects found during the pre-release tests, or the operational failures, are uniformly distributed across
the system's software modules
III. Testing can show the presence of defects, but cannot demonstrate their absence
IV. Testing is context-independent
- A. I, II
- B. II, III
- C. I, III
- D. I, IV
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 59
Which of the following would achieve the HIGHEST level of testing independence for a project's test level?
- A. Outsourcing test design and execution to a different company
- B. Having the company's independent test team design and execute the tests
- C. Minimising contact between testers and developers during test design to avoid bias
- D. Training developers to design good tests for the test team to execute
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Having the company's independent test team design and execute the tests would achieve the highest level of testing independence for a project's test level, because it would reduce the bias and influence of the developers or other stakeholders who are involved in the software development1 . An independent test team can provide a different perspective and focus on testing activities without being affected by development pressures or deadlines1 . The other options would not achieve the highest level of testing independence for a project's test level. Option A is not a good option, because training developers to design good tests for the test team to execute would still introduce some bias and influence from the developers' point of view1 . Option C is not a good option, because minimizing contact between testers and developers during test design to avoid bias would reduce the communication and collaboration that are essential for effective testing and defect resolution1 . Option D is not a good option, because outsourcing test design and execution to a different company would introduce some risks and challenges such as contractual issues, cultural differences, or loss of control over quality
NEW QUESTION # 60
Which of the following errors CANNOT be found with structure-based testing techniques?
- A. Memory is leaking
- B. Division by zero
- C. Features are only partially implemented
- D. Data structures that are used before initialization
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Memory leaks are errors that occur when a program does not release memory that it has allocated, causing the system to run out of memory and slow down or crash. Memory leaks cannot be detected by structure-based testing techniques, which are based on the code structure and logic. Structure-based testing techniques can only find errors that are related to the control flow, data flow, or logic of the program. For example, they can find errors such as features that are only partially implemented, data structures that are used before initialization, or division by zero. To detect memory leaks, you need dynamic analysis tools that monitor the memory usage of the program during execution. You can find more information about structure-based testing techniques and dynamic analysis tools in A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus, Chapter 4, Sections 4.2 and 4.31.
NEW QUESTION # 61
The following Test Cases have been created for a simple web-based airline booking system.
Test Case 1: Search for an item Available Flights
Test Case 2: View selected item in My Flights
Test Case 3: Login to the system: Login is accepted
Test Case 4: Select an available flight: item added to My Flights
Test Case 5: Print confirmation receipt, then exit
Test Case 6: In My Flights, confirm details and book flight
Which of the following is the correct logical order for the test cases?
- A. 6, 3, 1, 4, 2, 5
- B. 3, 4, 1, 2, 5, 6
- C. 3, 1, 4, 2, 6, 5
- D. 3, 2, 1, 4, 6, 5
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 62
Which test design technique can be used for effectively testing system requirements consisting of logical
conditions?
- A. Decision table testing
- B. Equivalence partitioning
- C. Boundary value analysis
- D. Use case testing
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which of the following is NOT an example of a typical risk-based testing activity?
- A. The focus of testing is shifted to an area in the system where tests find with more defects than expected
- B. The evaluation of a risk-management tools to decide which tool to use for future projects
- C. Brainstorming sessions are held with a wide variety of stakeholders to identify possible failures in the
system - D. Tests are prioritized to ensure that those associated with critical parts of the system are executed earlier
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 64
What are metrics NOT used for?
- A. To measure whether dates of test milestones were met.
- B. To apply to the RAD development model.
- C. To identify the percentage of work done in test case preparation.
- D. To identify the percentage of work done in test environment preparation.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 65
What is static analysis?
- A. A technique to find defects in software source code and software models, performed without executing code.
- B. The decision between using white or black box test techniques.
- C. It is a testing technique used during system testing.
- D. Executing software to validate the most common path through the code.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Static analysis is a technique to find defects in software source code and software models, performed without executing code. Static analysis can be done manually or automatically using tools that examine the code or design of a software system without running it. Static analysis can help identify and prevent defects, measure complexity, check compliance, or improve quality.
The other statements are not correct definitions of static analysis because they describe different concepts related to testing. For example:
A). The decision between using white or black box test techniques: This statement describes a test strategy, which is an approach or method for designing and executing test cases based on various factors, such as scope, objectives, risks, resources, etc.
B). Executing software to validate the most common path through the code: This statement describes dynamic testing, which is a technique to find defects in software by executing it under various conditions and inputs and comparing the actual results with the expected results.
D). It is a testing technique used during system testing: This statement describes a test level, which is a group of test activities that are organized and managed together based on some criteria, such as objectives, scope, target audience, etc.
You can find more information about static analysis in [A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus], Chapter 6, Section 6.3.
NEW QUESTION # 66
Which of the following defects-can
- A. Undefined variables
- B. Infinite loops
- C. Wrong business rules
- D. Syntax errors of the code
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 67
Refer to the exhibit
Given the following State Transition diagram, match the test cases below with the relevant set of state
transitions.
(i)X-Z-V-W
(ii)W-Y-U-U
- A. (i) = S1 - S2 - S3 - S4 - S4 and (ii) = S2 -S4 - S4 - S4 - S2
- B. (i) = S2 - S3 - S4 - S2 - S2 and (ii) = S4 - S2 - S4 - S4 - S4
- C. (i) = S1 - S2 - S3 - S4 - S2 and (ii) = S4 - S2 - S4 - S4 - S4
- D. (i) = S2 - S3 - S4 - S4 - S2 and (ii) = S2 -S3 - S4 -S4 - S4
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 68
Which of the following, select the best description of the fundamental test process:
- A. Executing tests, identifying and recording defects and preparing recommendation and closure reports.
- B. Planning and control, analysis, design, implementation, execution, evaluation of exit criteria and
reporting, test closure. - C. Static testing, dynamic testing, defect reporting, reporting and closure.
- D. Controls, preparation of test cases, execution of test cases, execution of regression packs,
communicating with developers, writing recommendations for release.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 69
Which of the following statements is true?
I) Test planning activities include selecting the test object
II) Test strategy implementation is NOT a part of test planning
III) Choosing appropriate test techniques is part of test design
IV) Test schedule and exit criteria modification are part of test planning
- A. I, II
- B. III. IV
- C. II, III
- D. I.IV
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Statement I is true, as test planning activities include defining the test object, which is the component or system to be tested. Statement II is false, as test strategy implementation is part of test planning and involves defining the test approach and test levels to be applied. Statement III is true, as test design activities include choosing appropriate test techniques to derive test cases from test conditions. Statement IV is true, as test planning activities include defining and updating the test schedule and exit criteria throughout the project lifecycle. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Section 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 70
After a record of poor quality software releases (incorrect menu selection options, new features that do not
work, users allowed to change security levels without administrator rights), you have been asked to review the
test capability in your company.
You have limited time to do the review before the next project, which type of testing would be MOST
appropriate to review first?
- A. Non-functional testing.
- B. Functional testing.
- C. Structural testing.
- D. Performance testing.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 71
Which of the following is an approach that can be used for exploratory testing?
- A. A tester methodically executes tests from a list of possible failures, based on experience, defect and failure data.
- B. Tests are designed based on the guidance of stakeholders and experts outside the test team.
- C. Time-boxed test sessions are created, during which a tester uses a test charter containing test objectives to guide the testing.
- D. A tester analyses, designs and implements tests based on external rules and standards.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the syllabus, exploratory testing is a technique that involves simultaneous learning, test design and test execution. A tester dynamically designs and executes tests based on their knowledge, exploration of the test item and the results of previous tests. A time-boxed test session is a fixed period of time during which testing is performed. A test charter is a document that contains test objectives, scope, risks and other information to guide the testing. The answer A is correct because it describes an approach that can be used for exploratory testing. The other answers are incorrect because they describe other techniques, such as error guessing (B), compliance testing and user acceptance testing (D).
References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 4.5.2, page 51-52.
NEW QUESTION # 72
Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between test planning and test execution? [K2]
- A. Test planning identifies test objectives related to scope and risk but does not define the level of detail for test procedures used in test execution
- B. Test planning defines the overall approach to testing but does not schedule specific activities such as test execution
- C. Test planning schedules test execution but does not assign resources
- D. Test planning ensures the level of detail in test procedures is appropriate for test execution
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 73
Which of the following statements BEST states the value of static testing?
- A. It can prevent defects later in design and coding by uncovering issues in requirements
- B. It can detect the same defects as those found by dynamic testing
- C. It is most effective when performed after dynamic testing
- D. It can eliminate the need for unnecessary team member communication
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Static testing can prevent defects later in design and coding by uncovering issues in requirements1. This is the best statement of the value of static testing, as it can save time and money by finding defects early in the development process1. Option B is incorrect, as static testing is most effective when performed before dynamic testing1. Option C is incorrect, as static testing can detect different types of defects than those found by dynamic testing, such as inconsistencies, ambiguities, omissions, and incompleteness1. Option D is incorrect, as static testing can improve team member communication by facilitating reviews and inspections1.
References: 1, Section 3.1
NEW QUESTION # 74
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